NASA Asteroids MCP. Monitor Near-Earth Object Paths & Hazard Levels
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NASA Asteroids — Near-Earth Objects & Planetary Defense connects your AI agent directly to NASA and JPL's astronomical databases. It lets you track known near-Earth asteroids, monitor upcoming close approaches, and analyze historical fireball impact data in real time.
You can browse the complete catalog, check specific objects by ID, or filter for potential hazards based on date ranges.
What your AI agents can do
Get close approaches
Filters future close passes of asteroids using date ranges, distance thresholds, and minimum size for defense monitoring.
Get fireballs
Retrieves detailed records of atmospheric bolide events detected by US government sensors, including energy and location.
Get neo browse
Browses the complete catalog of known near-Earth objects, returning results in paginated batches.
Retrieve a list of Near-Earth Objects approaching within your specified date range, including their estimated size and if they are flagged as hazardous.
Filter for expected Earth encounters from JPL CNEOS based on required distance thresholds and minimum asteroid size.
Browse all known near-Earth objects, receiving results in batches of 20 records per request.
Look up a single asteroid's complete data set using its unique NASA SPK-ID.
Pull records of recorded fireballs (bolides) detected by government sensors, including location and estimated energy output.
Ask AI about this MCP
Supported MCP Clients
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NASA Asteroids: 5 Tools for Planetary Defense Tracking
Access five specialized tools to track everything from specific object profiles using SPK-IDs to global atmospheric fireball records.
019d75daget close approaches
Filters future close passes of asteroids using date ranges, distance thresholds, and minimum size for defense monitoring.
019d75daget fireballs
Retrieves detailed records of atmospheric bolide events detected by US government sensors, including energy and location.
019d75daget neo browse
Browses the complete catalog of known near-Earth objects, returning results in paginated batches.
019d75daget neo feed
Gets a feed of NEOs approaching within a specified date range, detailing hazard status and velocity.
019d75daget neo lookup
Retrieves comprehensive data for one specific near-Earth object using its NASA SPK-ID.
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What you can do with this MCP connector
This server hooks your AI agent directly into NASA and JPL’s deep-cut astronomical databases. It lets you track everything about Near-Earth Objects (NEOs), monitor upcoming planetary hazards, and analyze historical impact data in real time. You're getting the full picture on cosmic threats.
To find a single asteroid's profile, run get_neo_lookup and supply its unique NASA SPK-ID; this instantly pulls comprehensive data for that specific near-Earth object.
Want to browse the whole shebang? Use get_neo_browse to check out the complete catalog of known NEOs. This tool returns results in paginated batches, keeping your request manageable even when dealing with massive datasets.
For monitoring immediate threats, you've got two tools. First, use get_neo_feed if you want a live stream of NEOs approaching within a specific date range; this feed details their hazard status and velocity right off the bat. If you need to focus on potential impacts in the future, deploy get_close_approaches.
This function filters expected Earth encounters from JPL CNEOS based on required distance thresholds and minimum asteroid size parameters.
For historical analysis, check out get_fireballs. This tool retrieves detailed records of atmospheric bolide events—basically, fireballs—that the US government sensors detected. The results include precise location data and an estimate of the energy output, measured in kilotons of TNT equivalent. You can pull these past impact reports to gauge historical hazard rates.
How NASA Asteroids MCP Works
- 1 You tell your agent exactly what you're looking for—for instance, 'show me all asteroids between 2025-1 and 2025-3 that are bigger than 1km.'
- 2 The agent selects the appropriate tool (
get_close_approachesorget_neo_feed) and passes the specific parameters (dates, sizes) to the server. - 3 The server executes the request against NASA/JPL databases and returns a structured list of asteroid data, detailing size, velocity, and hazard status.
The bottom line is: you pass criteria (date range, size, ID), and it returns verified orbital and impact data from global space agencies.
Who Is NASA Asteroids MCP For?
Planetary defense specialists, aerospace engineers, and risk analysts use this. They're the people who wake up needing to know if a piece of space junk is going to cross an orbital path or if there was a significant meteor burnup in the last 24 hours. If your job involves tracking things that might hit Earth (literally), you need this.
Uses get_neo_lookup to verify specific SPK-IDs and calculates trajectory vectors for project simulations.
Runs get_close_approaches daily, filtering by distance thresholds, to proactively monitor potential threats years in advance.
Uses get_fireballs and get_neo_feed to model regional risk based on historical impact energy or current orbital projections.
What Changes When You Connect
- You get immediate hazard status checks. Instead of manually reading pages, running
get_neo_feedprovides a direct list of approaching NEOs with their estimated diameter and if they are potentially hazardous. - Deep dive into specific objects is simple. Use
get_neo_lookupwith an SPK-ID to pull every data point on one asteroid without leaving your agent's context. - Planetary defense planning is streamlined by
get_close_approaches. You set the parameters—distance, date range—and it filters only the most relevant future encounters from JPL CNEOS. - Historical event analysis moves fast. Running
get_fireballspulls documented atmospheric impacts (bolides) worldwide, giving you immediate data on energy and location for modeling purposes. - You never get lost in the catalog. Instead of browsing hundreds of pages,
get_neo_browselets your agent pull records efficiently, page by page, to build a comprehensive inventory.
Real-World Use Cases
Investigating a specific orbital threat.
A risk analyst needs data on Asteroid 2014 AB. They don't want general results; they need specifics. The agent runs get_neo_lookup using the known SPK-ID, instantly pulling its full orbit, size metrics, and velocity details for a targeted report.
Preparing for quarterly hazard reviews.
The defense team must know what's coming in Q3. They instruct their agent to run get_neo_feed for the next three months. The agent processes the list, flagging all objects that meet a minimum size threshold and are marked as potentially hazardous.
Modeling meteor strike risk.
A geophysicist wants to analyze regional vulnerability based on past events. They use get_fireballs to pull records of recent bolides over the Pacific, analyzing the energy (kilotons) and location data to refine impact models.
Getting an overview of all known objects.
A researcher needs a broad dataset. They use get_neo_browse to pull the first 20 records, then prompt the agent to iterate through pages until they hit the limit, building a full inventory list for comparison.
The Tradeoffs
Asking for 'all' data in one query
Prompting: 'Give me all near-Earth asteroids ever.' The agent fails because the system needs pagination parameters.
→
Use get_neo_browse and instruct your agent to loop through pages. For specific dates, always use get_neo_feed with a clear date range parameter.
Confusing catalog browsing with trending data
Trying to find out what's passing this week using only the general get_neo_browse tool. The result is too broad.
→
Use get_neo_feed. This tool specifically handles date ranges and filters for active approaches, giving you current, relevant data.
Ignoring the need for a unique ID
Asking 'Tell me about the big one.' without providing an SPK-ID. The system can't distinguish between objects.
→
Always use get_neo_lookup and provide the exact NASA SPK-ID when you need deep, specific data on a single asteroid.
When It Fits, When It Doesn't
Use this server if your goal is to query verified orbital mechanics or historical impact events. If you need to plan for future risks (dates/size), use get_close_approaches and get_neo_feed. For deep research on a single object, always default to the precise ID lookup using get_neo_lookup. Don't try to get everything at once; that's what pagination (get_neo_browse) is for. If your task is simply 'What big rock hit recently?' use get_fireballs; don't rely on general catalog searches, because those won't include impact history.
Don't use this server if you just need generic space weather predictions (those are handled by specialized atmospheric models). Use it when the data needs to be tied directly to established NASA/JPL identifiers or precise orbital parameters.
Independent Platform Disclaimer: Vinkius is an independent platform and is not affiliated with, endorsed by, sponsored by, verified by, or otherwise authorized by NASA. All third-party trademarks, logos, and brand names are the property of their respective owners. Their use on this website is strictly for informational purposes to identify service compatibility and interoperability.
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Works with Claude, ChatGPT, Cursor, and more
The Model Context Protocol standardizes how applications expose capabilities to LLMs. Instead of operating in isolation, your AI gains direct access to external platforms, live data, and real-world actions through secure, standardized connections.
This server provides 5 capabilities that interface natively with Claude, ChatGPT, Cursor, and any MCP client. No middleware. No custom integration required.
Available Capabilities
Checking for potential hazards shouldn't require jumping between three different government websites.
Before this server, checking asteroid threats meant opening the JPL website for close approaches, then going to NASA's NeoWs page to see the general catalog, and finally looking at a separate database just for impact history. It was disjointed, required manual cross-referencing of dates, and often left you guessing which data point was most current.
Now, your agent handles it all in one prompt. You ask about potential threats between two dates. The server runs `get_neo_feed`, compiling the status (diameter, velocity) and hazard assessment into a single, actionable response. It cuts the manual labor down to zero.
Planetary Defense with NASA Asteroids — Near-Earth Objects & Planetary Defense MCP Server
Manual data retrieval means losing valuable time comparing dates and IDs across different sources. You'd have to run separate queries just for upcoming passes (`get_close_approaches`) and then repeat the process for historical events using `get_fireballs`.
With this server, you consolidate all threat intelligence into one workflow. Whether it’s checking a full catalog with `get_neo_browse` or verifying an object's history via `get_neo_lookup`, your agent gets reliable data instantly. It moves the process from 'research compilation' to 'answer retrieval.'
Common Questions About NASA Asteroids MCP
How do I find out about asteroids passing Earth next year using get_close_approaches? +
You call get_close_approaches and pass the start and end dates for the required time frame. You can also filter by a minimum size threshold to focus only on larger, more relevant objects.
What data does get_fireballs provide about past impacts? +
get_fireballs gives you records of atmospheric bolides detected worldwide. The results include the location, velocity, and estimated energy (kilotons of TNT equivalent) from US government sensors.
If I know an asteroid's ID, which tool should I use? Should I use get_neo_lookup? +
Yes, if you have the specific NASA SPK-ID, always use get_neo_lookup. It gives the most comprehensive profile for that single object and is more direct than browsing the general catalog.
How do I get a list of all known asteroids to start my research? +
Use get_neo_browse to access the full, paginated catalog of near-Earth objects. It returns 20 records at a time, so your agent will need to loop through pages to see everything.
How do I handle rate limits when using get_neo_browse for large data sets? +
You must respect the API's established request quotas. If you hit a limit, implement an exponential backoff strategy and pause calls to avoid errors. The server handles pagination automatically if you manage your requests within the allowed window.
Can I use get_neo_feed to filter for asteroids that meet both a specific size threshold and date range? +
Yes, you can combine filtering parameters in the get_neo_feed call. Specify both the minimum estimated diameter and the required start/end dates. This narrows down potential hazards quickly.
If I use get_neo_lookup with an expired or incorrect SPK-ID, what response should I expect? +
You will receive a standard API error, typically indicating that the requested ID was not found. Check the documentation for specific HTTP status codes (like 404) to confirm data validity.
What is the practical difference between using get_neo_feed and getting details via get_neo_lookup? +
The get_neo_feed returns a summary list of many objects, including general hazard assessments. The get_neo_lookup, however, gives you deep, comprehensive data points for one specific asteroid ID.
What does 'potentially hazardous' mean? +
A Potentially Hazardous Asteroid (PHA) passes within 0.05 AU (~7.5 million km) and is larger than 140 meters. This doesn't mean it will hit Earth — just that its orbit warrants monitoring.
How frequently is the asteroid data updated? +
The NeoWs API is updated daily with the latest orbital calculations and close approach tracking data from JPL's Center for Near Earth Object Studies.
Does this API include data on historical asteroid impacts? +
Yes, the API provides access to fireball and bolide data, which tracks bright atmospheric meteor events detected by government sensors, including historical records.
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